Robert Mangold is of the kinetic-constructivist lineage, and developed his wind-driven sculptures in 1958, at about the same time as George Rickey (1954). However, whereas Rickey's kinetics initially followed Calder's mobiles, Mangold's did not. Interconnected theories of time, space, and motion captivate Mangold's thoughts and inspire his oeuvre. Mangold moved to Colorado in 1960, and still lives and works in Denver.